• It is possible that regulation of adiposity and glucose home

  2022-03-21

  

  It is possible that regulation of adiposity and glucose homeostasis by GIP are in part mediated by altering leptin levels and/or leptin signaling. However, we are unaware of reports that support this mechanism of action of GIP. In addition, leptin levels in GIP receptor knockout mice [12], [52] and

• Two pathways have emerged to explain the beneficial metaboli

  2022-03-21

  

  Two pathways have emerged to explain the beneficial metabolic effect of Roux-en-Y bypass [Fig. 3]. Firstly, the rapid delivery of nutrients to the distal small intestine and bowel might up-regulate secretion of a physiological stimulus that improves glucose homeostasis. As such, GLP-1 represents an

• Exposure of human and animals to MPTP can reproduce all

  2022-03-21

  

  Exposure of human and animals to MPTP can reproduce all the characteristic motor and non-motor signs of PD, in addition to mimicking the same responses and side effects to drugs used to treat PD [37], [38]. Anatomically, intoxication with MPTP induces the same selective loss of substantia nigra DA n

• br Introduction Ghrelin is a amino

  2022-03-21

  

  Introduction Ghrelin is a 28-amino jtc motors peptide mainly produced in the stomach and small intestines with the kidneys, placenta, and pancreas contributing to miniscule amounts of circuiting ghrelin [1]. Ghrelin exists in circulation in two major forms: acyl ghrelin (AG) and desacyl ghrelin

• br Introduction G protein coupled receptors GPCRs represent

  2022-03-21

  

  Introduction G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent one of the largest family of receptors involved in cell membrane signal transduction and have become one of the leading therapeutic targets worldwide (Chakraborty and Chattopadhyay, 2015; Bouvier, 2001; Sriram and Insel, 2018). GPCRs sign

• Iohexol Emergent studies have recently shown that

  2022-03-21

  

  Emergent studies have recently shown that Sherpas living at high altitude have adaptations that make life at high altitude more compatible. Sherpas are known to have blood Hb concentrations about the same as lowlanders and Han populations [30]. This is different from what happens to lowlanders, Han

• Murine models of sickle disease have been valuable tools

  2022-03-21

  

  Murine models of sickle disease have been valuable tools in the study of human SCD pathogenesis [15], [16], and will continue to be central to development of novel approaches to disease treatment. The SAD mouse model of sickle disease is particularly remarkable for its erythrocyte dehydration phenot

• Many neutral and acidophilic galactosidases have been purifi

  2022-03-21

  

  Many neutral and acidophilic β-galactosidases have been purified from microorganisms [14], while only a few alkalophilic β-galactosidases have been reported [19]. An alkalophilic β-galactosidase, BGal_375, was obtained and researched for the characterization of its hydrolytic activity. BGal_375 show

• D appears to be important for receptor

  2022-03-21

  

  D83 appears to be important for receptor function as a mutation to an alanine produced a non-functional channel. Interestingly, maintaining the charge as in D83E produced only a small reduction in GABA sensitivity. Other mutations at this position which included residues capable of hydrogen bonding

• Ro3280 The overall very satisfactory potency profile of comp

  2022-03-21

  

  The overall very satisfactory potency profile of compounds 7a–l suggests that 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-carboxamide moiety was a suitable periphery group to add to the 3-phenylpropanoic Ro3280 core in order to improve affinity to FFA1. The agonist activity in this series appears to be particularly sensit

• Receptor interactions and binding mode of in hGPR

  2022-03-18

  

  Receptor interactions and binding mode of in hGPR40 were determined by docking studies. The compound was docked in the rebuilt co-crystal structure of hGPR40 (PDB ID: ) using MOE for loop modeling and energy minimization and Glide for molecular docking. The docking site used for the docking simulat

• Our previous study had shown that silencing FFAR

  2022-03-18

  

  Our previous study had shown that silencing FFAR1 expression weakened the action of PIO in increasing insulin secretion in lipotoxic β regadenoson [6]. Resent research found that PIO promoted insulin secretion by upregulating FFAR1 [17]. Therefore, we presumed that FFAR1 may be involved in the anti-

• The iAs mainly metabolized in the liver to generate

  2022-03-18

  

  The iAs mainly metabolized in the liver to generate MMA and DMA. DMA, MMA and iAs were excreted through the urine (Khaleghian et al., 2014; Wei et al., 2017a). Pearson correlation coefficient was used to explore associations between concentrations of three arsenic species in urine and gene expressio

• We have expanded these studies by

  2022-03-18

  

  We have expanded these studies by doing EEG recording in the ET-1 model. Using this technique, we demonstrated that activation of either the ETA handbag or the ETB receptor induces electrical seizures. ET-1 induced electrical seizures occurred in the presence of either the ETA receptor antagonist o

• The above mentioned studies are especially important since t

  2022-03-18

  

  The above-mentioned studies are especially important since the structural alterations of the peritoneum during peritoneal dialysis are very similar to vascular and tissue alteration seen in diabetes. The tissue alterations during long-term peritoneal dialysis include a thickening and replication of

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