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Despite functional studies demonstrating the role
2024-04-19
Despite functional studies demonstrating the role of 5-HT in ureteral contractility, the source of endogenous 5-HT in the ureter is unclear. Since 5-HT-containing enterochromaffin cells, which are present in the gastrointestinal tract, could not be found in the ureter (Nocito et al., 2007, Ripoche,
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Renal fibrosis is regarded as the final
2024-04-19
Renal fibrosis is regarded as the final common pathway for most forms of progressive renal disease, and mouse UUO is a widely accepted experimental model of renal injury leading to extreme fibrosis localized to the interstitial compartment. A-306989 attenuated the mRNA expression levels of several k
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Recently several groups including ours have started
2024-04-19
Recently, several groups, including ours, have started to use the C. elegans multi-dendritic PVD neurons as a model system to dissect the molecular mechanisms of dendrite development. During larval development, PVD elaborates complex and stereotyped dendritic arbors by sequentially adding primary (1
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REM sleep is proposed to create an
2024-04-19
REM sleep is proposed to create an environment to facilitate plasticity processes that create a generalized downregulation of synaptic strength (Grosmark et al., 2012; Tononi and Cirelli, 2014), while synapses are upregulated specifically by the reactivation of neuronal firing sequences experienced
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The adult muscle type acetylcholine receptor AChR
2024-04-19
The adult muscle-type Zebularine receptor (AChR), the exemplar pLGIC, is a heteropentamer comprising two α subunits, and one each of the β, δ, and ɛ subunits (Sine, 2012). These five subunits come together in a counterclockwise α-ɛ-α-δ-β arrangement (Figure 1A). Binding of acetylcholine to the AChR
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br Methods br Results From a study population
2024-04-19
Methods Results From a study population of 7069 patients, a total of 149 falls were reported during the study KT 5823 for an incidence rate (IR) of 5.2 falls per 1000 patient-days (PD), 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.4/1000 PD–6.1/1000 PD. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) for patients in the ACE
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Caspase-3, human recombinant proteinase br Materials and met
2024-04-19
Materials and methods Results To explore the potential role of autophagy in drug resistance, we firstly performed immunohistochemistry to compare the Caspase-3, human recombinant proteinase of p62 in paired primary, metastatic, and recurrent tumor tissues from 26 ovarian cancer patients. The
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Our results suggest that plasma
2024-04-19
Our results suggest that plasma membrane and a3-containing V-ATPases represent an important and novel target in the development of drugs to limit breast cancer metastasis. That knock-down of a3 has been shown to reduce metastasis of melanoma cells in an in vivo mouse model suggests that this role ma
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Somatostatin analogs also bind to somatostatin receptors It
2024-04-19
Somatostatin analogs also bind to somatostatin receptors. It has been reported that octreotide has a high affinity for hSSTR2, moderate affinity for hSSTR3 and hSSTR5, and does not bind to hSSTR1 or hSSTR4 (Ben-Shlomo and Melmed 2008). Compared to octreotide, pasireotide displays 40-, 30-, and 5-fol
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In the pituitary of R
2024-04-19
In the pituitary of R. quelen mRNA levels of cyp19a1b were found to be higher in males than females, suggesting a sex-specific function, and perhaps a local action to regulate gonadotropins or other pituitary hormone secretion (Olivereau and Callard, 1985; Zhang et al., 2014). Interestingly, the hig
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Although apelin g kg shows negative early and positive late
2024-04-19
Although apelin 60μg/kg shows negative (early) and positive (late) inotropic effects, since ERK1/2 phosphorylation starts at the min 5 of administration [6], ERK1/2 phosphorylation mediate positive inotropic effects of apelin 60μg/kg. After the simultaneous inhibition of KOR and APJ the phosphoryla
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The specific functions of ERs and AR underline
2024-04-18
The specific functions of ERs and AR underline their crucial roles during different phases of spermatogenesis. Their deregulation could affect numerous downstream targets, thereby, disrupting spermatogenesis and male fertility. Various studies have shown that estrogen-like chemicals in the environme
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Fig shows a possible scheme of the generation of AP
2024-04-18
Fig. 8 shows a possible scheme of the generation of AP(+)-exosomes based on this study. In response to inflammatory stimuli, ERAP1 is secreted from ER into the extracellular milieu through the conventional secretion pathway. On the other hand, exosomes are derived from the endosomal pathway, and are
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To further clarify the vascular cell types expressing AR sub
2024-04-18
To further clarify the vascular cell types expressing AR subtypes, double immunofluorescence staining for ARs and vascular endothelial KP372-1 receptor or vascular smooth muscles was performed. As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, overlay images show the expression of all ARs subtypes that we examined in va
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br Experimental procedures br Results br
2024-04-18
Experimental procedures Results Discussion Acknowledgments Introduction β-Adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) belong to the superfamily of membrane proteins termed G protein-coupled receptors. β-ARs are distributed in the effector rock inhibitor of most of the sympathetic nerve fibers, and t
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